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ONTOLOGICAL CATEGORIES
EXISTENCE
SINGULAR AND GENERAL EXISTENCE
Singular existence is the existence of individual entities while general existence refers to the existence of concepts or universals.
PHYSICAL AND MENTAL EXISTENCE
In contemporary philosophy, there are at least three prevailing ways to understand what a concept is:
ABSTRACT AND CONCRETE
Entities present in space and time have concrete existence in contrast to abstract entities, like numbers and sets. The type–token distinction identifies physical objects that are tokens of a particular type of thing. The type of which it is a part is in itself an abstract object. The abstract–concrete distinction is often introduced and initially understood in terms of paradigmatic examples of objects of each kind:
RELATIVE ( ROLE ) AND ABSOLUTE ( FORM )
- relative action and motion
- relative velocity
- social relations
KNOWN AND UNKNOWN
- Variables
- unknown variable
- known variable
- parameter
- known
- unknown
- known
- indefinite
- definite
- unknown
- indefinite , doubtful , suspicion
- definite parameter
Discussion