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| en:pharynx [2023/06/17 10:53] – brahmantra | en:pharynx [] () – - () 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| - | ====== PHARYNX ====== | ||
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| - | * PHARYNX | ||
| - | * Features | ||
| - | * wide muscular tube | ||
| - | * situated | ||
| - | * behind nose | ||
| - | * behind mouth | ||
| - | * behind larynx | ||
| - | * Parts | ||
| - | * upper part | ||
| - | * transmits only air | ||
| - | * widest and non collapsible | ||
| - | * middle part | ||
| - | * both air and food | ||
| - | * narrow | ||
| - | * lower part | ||
| - | * only food | ||
| - | * narrowest part of git ( except for vermiform appendix) | ||
| - | * Boundaries | ||
| - | * superiorly | ||
| - | * base of skull | ||
| - | * including posterior part of body of sphenoid | ||
| - | * basilar part of occipital bone infront of pharyngeal tubercle | ||
| - | * Inferiorly | ||
| - | * pharynx is continuous with the oesophagus | ||
| - | * at level of C6 vertebra | ||
| - | * corresponding to lower border of cricoid cartilage | ||
| - | * Posteriorly | ||
| - | * glides freely on prevertebral fascia | ||
| - | * Anteriorly | ||
| - | * communicates with nasal , oral cavity and larynx | ||
| - | * Structure | ||
| - | * mucosa | ||
| - | * submucosa | ||
| - | * pharyngobasilar fascia or pharyngeal aponeurosis | ||
| - | * fibrous sheet internal to pharyngeal muscles | ||
| - | * thickest in | ||
| - | * upper part | ||
| - | * fills the gap between upper border of superior constrictor and base of skull | ||
| - | * posteriorly | ||
| - | * forms pharyngeal raphe | ||
| - | * superiorly | ||
| - | * attached to basiocciput , petrous temporal bone , auditory tube | ||
| - | * inferiorly | ||
| - | * gradually lost deep to muscles | ||
| - | * hardly extend beyond superior constrictor | ||
| - | * Cavity of pharynx | ||
| - | * Nasopharynx | ||
| - | * Vault of pharynx | ||
| - | * Pharyngeal hypophysis | ||
| - | * Pharyngeal tonsil | ||
| - | * Tonsillar pits | ||
| - | * Tonsillar crypts | ||
| - | * Lymphoid nodules | ||
| - | * (Pharyngeal bursa) | ||
| - | * Pharyngeal opening of auditory tubae | ||
| - | * Torus tubarius | ||
| - | * Salpingopharyngeal fold | ||
| - | * Salpingophalatine fold | ||
| - | * Torus levatorius | ||
| - | * Tubal tonsil | ||
| - | * Pharyngeal recess [[Rosenmülleri]] | ||
| - | * Palatopharyngeal ridge | ||
| - | * Oropharynx | ||
| - | * Epiglottic vallecula | ||
| - | * Median glosso-epiglottic fold | ||
| - | * Lateral glosso-epiglottic fold | ||
| - | * Laryngopharynx; | ||
| - | * Situation and extent | ||
| - | * upper border or epiglottis to lower border of cricoid cartilage | ||
| - | * Walls | ||
| - | * anterior wall | ||
| - | * inlet of larynx | ||
| - | * posterior surface of cricoid and arytenoid cartilages | ||
| - | * posterior wall | ||
| - | * supported by c4 and c5 vertebra | ||
| - | * partly by c3 and c6 vertebra | ||
| - | * formed by three constrictors | ||
| - | * superior , middle and inferior | ||
| - | * lateral wall | ||
| - | * depression called as | ||
| - | * Piriform fossa; piriform recess on each side of inlet of larynx | ||
| - | * Fold of superior laryngeal nerve | ||
| - | * bounded | ||
| - | * medially by | ||
| - | * aryepiglottic fold | ||
| - | * laterally by | ||
| - | * thyroid cartilage and thyrohyoid membrane | ||
| - | * beneath mucosa of fossa | ||
| - | * internal laryngeal nerve | ||
| - | * Pharyngo-oesophageal constriction | ||
| - | * Pharyngobasilar fascia | ||
| - | * Submucosa | ||
| - | * Mucosa; mucous membrane | ||
| - | * Pharyngeal glands | ||
| - | * Pharyngeal muscles; muscle layer of pharynx | ||
| - | * Pharyngeal raphe | ||
| - | * Pterygomandibular raphe | ||
| - | * Superior constrictor | ||
| - | * Pterygopharyngeal part [[Passavanti]] | ||
| - | * Buccopharyngeal part | ||
| - | * Mylopharyngeal part | ||
| - | * Glossopharyngeal part | ||
| - | * Middle constrictor | ||
| - | * Chondropharyngeal part | ||
| - | * Ceratopharyngeal part | ||
| - | * Inferior constrictor | ||
| - | * Thyropharyngeal part; thyropharyngeus | ||
| - | * Cricopharyngeal part; cricopharyngeus | ||
| - | * Stylopharyngeus | ||
| - | * Salpingopharyngeus | ||
| - | * Palatopharyngeus | ||
| - | * Buccopharyngeal fascia | ||
| - | * Peripharyngeal space | ||
| - | * Retropharyngeal space | ||
| - | * Parapharyngeal space; lateral pharyngeal space | ||
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| - | | PHARYNX | ||
| - | | Cavitas pharyngis | ||
| - | | Pars nasalis pharyngis | ||
| - | | Fornix pharyngis | ||
| - | | Hypophysis pharyngealis | ||
| - | | Tonsilla pharyngealis | ||
| - | | Fossulae tonsillae | ||
| - | | Cryptae tonsillae | ||
| - | | Noduli lymphoidei | ||
| - | | (Bursa pharyngealis) | ||
| - | | Ostium pharyngeum tubae auditivae; ostium pharyngeum tubae auditoriae | ||
| - | | Torus tubarius | ||
| - | | Plica salpingopharyngea | ||
| - | | Plica salpingopalatina | ||
| - | | Torus levatorius | ||
| - | | Tonsilla tubaria | ||
| - | | Recessus pharyngeus [[Rosenmülleri]] | ||
| - | | Crista palatopharyngea | ||
| - | | Pars oralis pharyngis | ||
| - | | Vallecula epiglottica | ||
| - | | Plica glossoepiglottica mediana | ||
| - | | Plica glossoepiglottica lateralis | ||
| - | | Pars laryngea pharyngis | ||
| - | | Recessus piriformis | ||
| - | | Plica nervi laryngei superioris | ||
| - | | Constrictio pharyngooesophagealis | ||
| - | | Fascia pharyngobasilaris | ||
| - | | Tela submucosa | ||
| - | | Tunica mucosa | ||
| - | | Glandulae pharyngeales | ||
| - | | Musculi pharyngis; tunica muscularis pharyngis | ||
| - | | Raphe pharyngis | ||
| - | | Raphe pterygomandibularis | ||
| - | | M. constrictor pharyngis superior | ||
| - | | Pars pterygopharyngea [[Passavanti]] | ||
| - | | Pars buccopharyngea | ||
| - | | Pars mylopharyngea | ||
| - | | Pars glossopharyngea | ||
| - | | M. constrictor pharyngis medius | ||
| - | | Pars chondropharyngea | ||
| - | | Pars ceratopharyngea | ||
| - | | M. constrictor pharyngis inferior | ||
| - | | Pars thyropharyngea; | ||
| - | | Pars cricopharyngea; | ||
| - | | M. stylopharyngeus | ||
| - | | M. salpingopharyngeus | ||
| - | | M. palatopharyngeus | ||
| - | | Fascia buccopharyngealis | ||
| - | | Spatium peripharyngeum | ||
| - | | Spatium retropharyngeum | ||
| - | | Spatium lateropharyngeum; | ||
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| - | ===== DEVELOPMENT ===== | ||
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